有些英语单词后面为什么要加s.es.er.ing.ed

1个回答

  • 加s是复数加es 是复数的特殊形式加er是将动词转换成名词,比如teach,教,加er就变成了teacher,教师.加ing是现在进行时加ed是过去式过去式,过去时态.  Past Tense [编辑本段]概念:   表示过去了的动作或事件. [编辑本段]例句:   I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他.

    I did my homework at home last week. 我上周在家做作业了. [编辑本段]构成   表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的.动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词.规则动词的过去式变化如下:

    (1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:

    worked played wanted acted

    (2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:

    lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped

    (3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

    studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied

    (4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:

    stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped

    (5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆.

    go - went,make - made, get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was, are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat. [编辑本段]用法:   (1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语. I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作. I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山.

    (2)

    一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态.谓语动词要用一般过去式.

    时间标志:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语.

    如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年).

    When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园).

    I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园)

    在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态.

    1. Be 动词的一般过去时态

    在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.

    构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语

    如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了.)

    否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语

    如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)

    疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语

    如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)

    肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了.)

    否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病.)

    特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语

    如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?

    [编辑本段]读法:   规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:

    1. 在清辅音后读作[t].如:asked, helped, watched, stopped

    2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d].如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called

    3. 在t / d后读作[id].如:wanted, needed

    不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:

    1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同.如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat

    2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t.如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent

    3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t.如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt

    4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew.如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew

    5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t.如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt

    6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a.如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank