where如何引导状语从句

1个回答

  • 一.Where引导定语从句———形容词性从句

    当where 引导定语从句时,Where前有表示地点的先行词,where 引导的从句修饰先行词,Where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语.例如:

    1.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane .(2001年上海)

    评析:situation 是先行词,其后是Where引导的定语从句.

    2.This is the place where Luxun once lived .

    评析:the place 是先行词,其后是 where引导的定语从句 ,where 在从句中作地点状语.

    二.Where引导状语从句———副词性从句

    当Where引导状语从句时,Where前没有表示地点的先行词,Where是从属连词,Where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词.例如:

    3.The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai .(2002年春季高考上海)

    评析:句中“the famous scientist grew up "这一部分是该句的主句,Where到句子最后是地点状语从句,where前没有表示地点的先行词.

    4.She found her passport where she lost it .

    评析:"passport"是主句 found 后的宾语,它并不是从句中lost的地点,因此 where 引导的是地点状语从句,从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found .

    三.where 引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句———名词性从句

    where引导的名词性从句,意思接近the place where ,可译为:“……的地方”,where是疑问副词.例如:

    5.This is where Luxun once lived.(where 引导表语从句)

    评析:此句与第2句意思一样,即:这是鲁迅曾经住的地方.但语法功能不一样,第2句中,where 前有先行词 the place,the place在主句中作表语,而第5句中,where 引导的表语从句前没有名词,从语法功能看,where 引导从句的位置是表语位置,where 在表语从句中作地点状语.

    6.I don't know where Luxun once lived .(where 引导宾语从句)

    评析:此句where 引导的是动词know的宾语从句.

    7.She was free to go to where she liked and do what she liked .(where 引导宾语从句)

    评析:此句中,where 引导的从句作介词的宾语,意思接近 the place where.

    8.We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.(where 引导同位语从句)

    评析:本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,与其前面的名词the question 是同位关系,the question 的具体内容就是where 引导的从句,因此,where 引导的是同位语从句.

    9.Where Mary was born is Beijing .(where 引导主语从句)

    评析:本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,放在主句主语的位置,因此这里where 引导的从句是主语从句.译:玛利出身的地方是北京.

    巩固练习:翻译下列句子.

    1.有志者事竟成.(Where引导状语从句)

    2.那是我父亲工作的大楼.(Where引导定语从句)

    3.司机问我想上哪儿去.(where 引导宾语从句)

    4.书在你原来放的地方.(where 引导表语从句)

    5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方.((where 引导介词 to 的宾语从句))

    6.请呆在原处.(Where引导状语从句)

    Keys:

    1.Where there is a will,there is a way .

    2.That is the building where my father worked .

    3.The driver asked me where I wanted to go .

    4.The book is where you left it .

    5.She came back to where her mother was sitting .

    6.Please stay where you are .