We are working hard in the garden.这里are是助动词还是系动词啊?助动词和系动词有什么

6个回答

  • 系动词又称连系动词,不单独作谓语,必须与表语连用构成系表结构.系表结构可表述主语的状况,而我们对主语情况的了解和描述角度各不相同,因此对主语的表述就因说话人的角度不同,而使用不同的系动词.现就初中课本中的系动词小结如下:

    1、 以肯定的语气叙述主语状态时,要用系动词be,后接n(名词),adj(形容词),p.p(分词),inf(不定式),adv(副词) ,prep.Phr.(介词短语)作表语.

    如:(1)He is honest.

    (2) She is a teacher.

    (3) The film is moving.

    (4) He is out.

    2、表示说话人所感知的主语的特征或状态时,系动词用look,feel,sound,taste,smell等,后常接n(名词),inf(不定式),p.p(分词),adj(形容词)等作表语.

    如:(1)Her voice sounds sweet.

    (2) It sounds a good idea.

    (3) It looks the right thing for her birthday gift.

    3、表示主语状态变化时,系动词用become ,get,grow,come ,turn (若跟名词不加冠词) ,fall (asleep,ill,silent)等,后面大多数接形容词作表语.但become,turn亦可接名词作表语.

    如:(1) He turns doctor.

    (2) He becomes a doctor.

    (3) My dream has come true.

    (4) The baby fell asleep.

    (5) The leaves turned yellow.

    4、表示主语的持续时,系动词用remain,stay ,keep,continue等.

    如:(1) The door keeps open.

    (2) The problem remains unsolved.

    5、从印象的角度说明主语所处的状态和特征时,系动词用appear to be (常用于书面),seem (to be).

    如:(1)You don’t seem to be quite yourself today.

    (2) You seem right.

    (3) It seems as if it’s going to snow.

    系动词的使用应注意如下:

    1、 其后要求接形容词,而不是副词作表语.要特别注意的是有些动词既可以作系动词,又可作实意动词的用法.遇到这种情况时,只能先根据其意思判断清楚到底是前者还是后者,然后再对后面的词性和词义作出判断和选择.以taste一词为例:

    The soft drinking tastes quite sour.(注意:在这里,taste作系动词,不能使用进行时,后面接形容词.)

    The chef is tasting the fish carefully.(注意:在这里,taste作实意动词,使用进行时,并且后面接副词做状语.)

    2、 这类词不用进行时.

    3、系动词无被动式.