现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都是发生在过去,所以在实际运用中就有很多同学混淆二者的用法.现在我们就一起来看看现在完成时和一般过去时的区别.
1.侧重点不同
现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去,但它们所强调的重点不同:现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间,即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间.例如:
I have seen the film.
我看过这部电影.(现在我仍记得电影的内容)
I saw the film three days ago.
三天前我看了这部电影.(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影)
Mr Green has bought a new computer.
格林先生买了一台新电脑.(着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)
Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.
格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑.(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天)
2.时间状语不同
现在完成时常与already,yet,just,ever,never,before等副词以及“for+段时间”,“since+过去时间/从句”等时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与“段时间+ago”,just now,yesterday,last week等表示过去时间的状语连用.例如:
She has lived here since two years ago.
她两年前就住在这里了.
She lived here two years ago.
两年前她住在这里.
He has been in the League for three years.
他入团已经三年了.
Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信.
[实战演练]
1.-I have seen the film “Titanic”already.
-When __________ you __________ it?
-The day before yesterday.
A.have; seen B.will; see C.did; see D.did; seen
2.Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.
A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is going to live
3.We ____________ trees last Sunday.So far we __________ over 3,000 trees there.
A.planted; planted B.planted; have planted
C.have planted; planted D.have planted; have planted