定语从句例句+其中主句的主谓宾分划!

2个回答

  • 1.定从分类有奥妙, 限与非限看逗号;

    定前必有先行词,名代两类最适宜;

    定从先行很紧密,代副两词拉关系;

    2.关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破;

    which表物人用who,人物都有that顾;

    which用在逗号后,意表前句你要know;

    who做主语很称职,whom用到宾语里;

    3.that用法真有趣, 两个地方它不去;

    逗号后边它不去, 介词之后不考虑;

    4.That which代表物,区别听我来叙述;

    先行若是不定代,that就把which 踹;

    先行词前有两数, 就用that定无误;

    先行词前最高级, 还用that必无疑;

    句中若有there be, that应把which替;

    先行主中做表语, 避免重复从句里;

    (Just the only very same last, 其后也要用that;)

    5.指人可用that who, 以下情况多用who;

    Those people做先行,There be的结构中;

    先行指人不定代,从中做主who要在;

    两个定从一起来,不要重复你有才;

    6.定从之中少定语,whose为你唱一曲;

    Whose指人又指物,所属关系要记住.

    7.As/which在句末,若有否定as错;

    句首只能用as,还有认知猜想词;

    固定结构用as, the same /such/so/as;

    So /such …that宾不离,so/such…as宾要弃;

    8.关系代词到这里,主宾表定作用起;

    关系代词做宾语,省与不省全靠你;

    9.关系副词when/where/why, 从中做状莫懈怠;

    时间用when原因why,地点where经常在;

    关系副词可替换,介词加上关系代;

    关系代,关系代,that与who要除外;

    挑选介词要聪明,必看动词和先行;

    聪明反被聪明误,只因乱用关系副;

    关系副,关系副,定缺主宾它不住;

    它不住,它不住,关系代词来玩酷;

    10.只记上边不可以,特殊情况告诉你;

    先行用way 做状语, in which/ that /略可以;

    one of +复做先行,从中谓语复数明,

    one前若有only/very, 从中谓语定用单 ;

    定从名从可转换,all that被 what换;

    定语从句顺口溜分段解析:

    1. 定从分类有奥妙, 限与非限看逗号;

    定语从句分为两大类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,区分它们有两个标准:1)从内容上看,限制性定语从句与它所修饰的先行词关系紧密,不可去掉,去掉后意思就不完整了;非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充说明的作用,去掉后不影响句子的完整性.2)从形式上看,限制性定语从句与先行词之间没有逗号隔开,而非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号隔开.请看例句:

    The girl who is wearing a blue necklace is Mary.(限制性)

    The girl, who is also a student, is planting trees in the field.(非限制性)

    解析:第一句中的who is wearing a blue necklace是限制性定语从句,没有逗号,不那去掉,否则意思不完整.

    定前必有先行词,名代两类最适宜;

    例句:

    1)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.

    有人要和你讲话.

    2)Those who were for the plan raised their hands.

    那些赞成计划的举起了手.

    3)This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.

    这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍.

    解析:例句中somebody、those是代词,novel是名词,是被定语从句修饰的词,叫做先行词,可以做先行词的是名词和代词两类.

    定从先行很紧密,代副两词拉关系;

    定语从句都在先行词之后,连接定从和先行词的词,叫做关系词.关系词有两类:关系代词和关系副词.关系词要注意两点:1)它的人称、数和意思完全等同于先行词,2)关系词在定语从句中做一定的句子成分.

    例句 1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

    正在踢足球的男生们是一班的.

    解析:who=boys , 在定语从句中做主语,所以其后谓语用are.

    例句 2) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

    足球是大多数男孩子喜欢的运动.

    解析:which=game, 在定语从句中做主语.

    例句 3)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

    我仍然还记得第一次到学校的那一天.

    解析:when是关系副词=on the day, 在定语从句中做时间状语.

    例句 4)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

    十年前我居住的房子已经被拆了.

    解析:where是关系副词=in the house, 在定语从句中做地点状语.

    例句 5)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

    请告诉我你没赶上飞机的原因.

    解析:why是关系副词=for the reason, 在定语从句中做原因状语.

    2. 关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破;

    六个关系代词是:that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as , 注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语.

    which表物人用who,人物都有that顾;

    先行词是物,关系代词用which,也可以用that;先行词是人,关系代词用who,也可以用that;先行词中既有人,又有物,关系代词只能用that.

    例句 1) This is the mountain village (which/ that ) I visited last year.

    这就是我去年参观的那个山村.

    解析:先行词mountain village是物,可用which或that, 因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语,说明which或that应该在定从中做宾语,所以还可以省略.

    例句 2)The man(that/whom / who ) you met just now is my friend.

    你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友.

    解析:先行词man表人,关系词可以用who/that/whom,因为定语从句中缺宾语,关系代词应该在定语从句中做宾语,所以可以省略;另外,whom是专门用来做宾语用的,而who则只是在口语中才用.

    例句 3)This magazine belongs to the teacher who(that) teaches us history.

    这本杂志是我们历史老师的.

    解析:先行词teacher是人,关系代词用who或that, 因为在定语从句中做主语,所以不能省略.

    例句 4)He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited.

    他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校.

    解析:先行词 the teachers and schools 中既有人又有物,关系代词只能用 that, 又因为that在定语从句中做宾语,所以又可以省略.

    which用在逗号后,意表前句你要know;

    这是which用在非限制性定语从句中的一个用法.

    例句1)He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.

    他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦.

    解析:which是关系代词,指代前面的一句话:他似乎没抓住我的意思.

    例句2)Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.

    液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发.

    解析:which是关系代词,指代前面的一句话:液态水变为蒸汽.

    who做主语很称职,whom用到宾语里;

    先行词是表示人的词,定语从句中如果缺主语,要用who做关系代词,如果缺宾语,正规场合下用whom, 口语中也可以用who.

    例句 1)He is the boy who often goes to school late.

    他就是那个经常上学迟到的男生.

    解析:先行词the boy 指人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词who.

    例句 2)She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.

    她就是我今天早晨看到的那位老太太.

    解析:先行词the old woman指人,后面的定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用whom,口语中也可以用who.

    3.that用法真有趣, 两个地方它不去;

    逗号后边它不去, 介词之后不考虑;

    That做为关系代词,不可用在非限制性定语从句中,即不可用在逗号后边;定语从句中介词之后也不可使用.在逗号或介词后,指物时用which,指人时用who或whom.